第2章　自然资源

2.1　复习笔记

I. Water

II. Fuels

III. Metal Ores

IV. Saline Deposits

V. Useful Rocks

I. Water（水资源）

The free-flowing rivers of Britain provide abundant surface water.

英国的河流为其提供了丰富的表层水。

II. Fuels（能源燃料）

1. Some coalfields lie in the midland valley of Scotland; in Lancashire, Yorkshire in England; and in South Wales. Coal production reached a peak in 1913.

2. In 1964—1966, major resources of natural gas were discovered in the continental shelf beneath the North Sea.

1. 英国有世界上较大的煤田，分布在苏格兰中部山谷、英格兰兰开郡、约克郡和威尔士南部。1913年产煤高达3亿吨。

2. 1964—1966年，大量天然气在北海的大陆架发现。

III. Metal Ores（金属矿）

1. Iron ores are in Lincolnshire and Northamptonshire.

2. British lead ores lie in the regions of the northern and southern Pennines, Flint-Denbigh, and the Mendip Hills.

1. 铁矿主要分布在林肯郡和北安普敦郡。

2. 铅矿主要分布在奔宁山脉的北部和南部，登比和沿海平原丘。

IV. Saline Deposits（盐矿）

Most of the common salt is obtained from the thick salt series beneath Cheshire.

大部分盐来自柴郡的厚盐层中。

V. Useful Rocks（有用的矿物质）

Britain is very rich in clays. China clay in granite lies in Cornwall. Limestone is widespread, particularly in England and Wales.

英国的黏土资源丰富。花岗岩的陶土分布在康沃尔。石灰岩分布广泛，主要在英国和威尔士。

2.2　课后习题详解

Exercise 1. Answer the following questions:

1. What minerals is U.K. rich in?

Key: The United Kingdom is rich in coal, iron, tin, copper, lead, and silver.

2. When was the natural gas and the oil in the North Sea discovered?

Key: Natural gas was discovered in 1964-1966; the major oil deposits were discovered in 1970.

3. What percentage of the country’s water requirements are obtained from underground sources?

Key: About 38% of the country’s water requirements depend on underground sources.

4. The U.K. has some of the big coalfields of the world. Where do they lie?

Key: Britain’s big coalfields of the world are in the mid-land valley of Scotland, exactly in eastern Cambria, Northumberland, Durham, Lancashire, Derbyshire and Nottingham in England, and in South Wales.

5. What is the feature of British lead ores?

Key: British lead ores contain silver.

Exercise 2. Explain the following terms:

1. lead ore

Key: British lead ores have been worked since pre-Roman times. It contains silver.

2. china clay

Key: The deposits of china clay in Cornwall are of great economic value.

3. saline deposit

Key: Most of the common salt used in Britain is obtained from controlled brine-pumping of the thick salt series beneath Cheshire. Reserves are believed to be adequate for centuries to come.

4. the Atomic Energy Authority

Key: It was established in 1954 as a statutory corporation to oversee and pioneer the development of nuclear energy within the United Kingdom. It is now an executive non-departmental within the Department of Trade and Industry.