Phrases and Expressions

　broaden one’s horizons 开拓……的视野

e.g. Spending a year working in the city helped to broaden his horizons. 在城市工作的一年拓宽了他的视野。

　Traveling enables people to broaden their horizons. 旅游能使人们扩展视野。

　tell the truth 实话实说

e.g. Honest people always tell the truth. 诚实的人总是说真话。

　Teachers taught us that we should always tell the truth. 老师教育我们应实话实说。

　appeal to sb. 吸引某人

e.g. The movie didn’t appeal to me at all. 这部电影一点都不吸引我。

　The lesson appeals to most of the students. 这门课吸引了大多数的学生。

　inspire sb. with sth. 以……鼓励某人

e.g. Her work didn’t exactly inspire me with confidence. 她的工作并没有真正地使我产生信心。

　He often inspires me with lots of moving stories. 他经常以一些感人的故事鼓励我。

　be proud of 因……而自豪

e.g. All the Chinese people are proud of the Olympic winners. 中国人民为奥运会获奖的运动员而骄傲。

　We should be proud of ourselves for the achievement. 我们应该为自己的成就感到骄傲。

　deal with 对付；处理

e.g. The doctor dealt with the patient very carefully. 医生小心地给病人进行了处理。

　The ability to deal with problems is valued in that company. 那家公司很重视员工处理问题的能力。

　on one’s own 凭自己

e.g. We should hunt for jobs on our own. 我们应该靠自己找工作。

　Youngsters are encouraged to work on their own. 我们鼓励年轻人能够独立工作。

　a wide range of 广泛的

e.g. She has a wide range of interest. 她兴趣广泛。

　This problem involves a wide range of details. 这个问题涉及很多细节。

　be obliged to 被迫

e.g. He is obliged to work for this company. 他被迫为这家公司工作。

　Sometimes people are obliged to do something they don’t want to do. 有时人们会被迫做一些不愿意做的事。

　yield to 让步；听从；不如

e.g. He reluctantly yielded to their demands. 他不情愿地屈从于他们的要求。

　I yield to none in this matter. 在这方面我不比任何人差。

　take the place of 取代

e.g. Tom took the place of Jack in the competition. 在比赛中，汤姆取代杰克取得了胜利。

　In today’s world, emails are taking the place of letters when people want to contact with other people. 现今，当人们想要与其他人联系的时候，他们会使用电子邮件而不是书信。

　bury oneself into 埋头苦干于

e.g. Since she left, he buried himself into his work. 自从她走后，他全身心扑在工作上。

　She buried herself into her housework once she returned. 她一回来就埋头苦干起家务活了。

　piles of 成堆的

e.g. I have got piles of work to do. 我有大量工作要做。

　She walked out leaving piles of debts behind him. 她出走了，给他留下累累债务。

　get involved in 被涉及；被牵连；参加

e.g. He got involved in the conflict and could not get rid of it. 他被牵连到了冲突当中，无法脱身。

　She got involved in the debate between different groups of people. 她参加了不同组别之间的辩论。

　provide… for… 为……提供

e.g. We are here to provide a service for the public. 我们在这里为公众服务。

　This hospital provided the best possible medical care for the public. 这家医院为公众提供了最好的医疗服务。

　range from... to... 从……到……不等

e.g. They range from 10 to 16 in age. 他们的年龄在10～16岁不等。

　Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels. 住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。

　hundreds of 数以百计的

e.g. The place is hundreds of miles away. 那个地方有数百里之遥。

　I have said it for hundreds of times. 我已经说了数百回了。

　act as 起……作用；作为

e.g. Can you act as an interpreter? 你能担任口译吗？

　This kind of hormone acts as natural painkiller in our brain. 这种激素在我们的大脑里起着天然止痛药的作用。

　in a word 简言之

e.g. In a word, it is very helpful for us. 简言之，这对我们很有用。

　In a word, we should do whatever we need to do. 简言之，我们需要做我们应该做的事。

　aim at 以……为目标

e.g. These measures are aimed at preventing violent crimes. 这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。

　They are aiming at training everybody by the end of the year. 他们力求做到在年底前人人得到培训。

Proper Name

　National College Entrance Examination 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称高考）

Tasks

Understanding the Text

Multiple Choices

Directions In this part there are 8 questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one according to the text.

1. According to the passage, college is the best place to _____.

A. read books　B. know professors　C. make friends　D. enrich knowledge

2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. It is not easy for the author to learn at high school.

B. People are likely to have interesting dreams.

C. Colleges provide students with good places for learning.

D. Going to college is the only choice for high school students.

3. In the author’s dream, which of the following chances can ideal colleges give their students?

A. Learning as much as they want.　B. Living independently.

C. Showing up themselves.　D. Talking in public.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that the answers to some questions are _____.

A. extraordinary　B. challenging　C. difficult　D. open

5. The author thinks that college students should _____.

A. keep their college’s rules and disciplines　B. learn as much as they can from professors

C. take part in different kinds of activities　D. go to listen to every lecture

6. In the author’s opinion, which of the following can students do at college?

A. Travel with their classmates.　B. Get social experience.

C. Participate in their teachers’ research.　D. Write papers for publication.

7. The author holds the idea that college life is _____.

A. dull　B. challenging　C. colorful　D. impressive

8. College students can make greater progress _____.

A. by learning from their classmates and professors as well

B. only through the various processes of learning and experiencing

C. when they bring their dream of going to college into reality

D. if they can make a well-balanced plan for their learning and activity participation

Discussion

Directions Work in pairs or groups to show your idea about what an ideal college should be.

Language Exploration

Word Focus: Multiple Choices

Directions There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete each of the following sentences.

1. The bridge is as beautiful as he used to _____.

A. attend　B. imagine　C. establish　D. harvest

2. I hope to be _____ especially when I am in trouble.

A. fostered　B. enriched

C. managed　D. inspired

3. Sunny has _____ her horizon by traveling around the world.

A. broadened　B. widened

C. enlarged　D. deepened

4. She is so emotional that she likes to live a(n) _____ life with her husband.

A. independent　B. self-directed　C. passionate　D. meaningless

5. She had no way but _____ his continuous threatening.

A. to yield to　B. to take the place of　C. to be obliged to　D. to aim at

6. It is one of the most fashionable hairstyles that I _____ very much.

A. discover　B. offer　C. appreciate　D. gain

7. Students can be provided with _____ opportunities for social experience.

A. standard　B. vague　C. well-balanced　D. abundant

8. Students need _____ kinds of books to meet the needs of their academic learning.

A. various　B. extraordinary　C. fantastic　D. self-directed

9. I was surprised to know that she had _____ the crime.

A. been attended to　B. been dealt with　C. been involved in　D. been obliged to

10. I refused his help and tried to walk _____.

A. under the heavy burden　B. on my own

C. in my way　　D. via nobody’s help

Sentence Emphasis: Order Arrangement

Directions Make sentences by putting the following words or phrases into the correct order. Change the forms of the words or phrases if necessary.

1. I, appeal to, be, young, college life, since, always, me, very, be

________

2. be, a college student, I, very, be, proud of

________

3. knowledge in books, essential, experience, more, in practice, be, than, the acquisition of

________

4. in our spare time, we, leisure activities, can, a lot of, enjoy

________

5. no doubt, student, more, on their own, there be, that, learn, can

________

Text B What Should College Students Do?

Every college student is eager to gain a productive and impressive college experience. Then try to follow the tips so as to enjoy your college life deeply.

1. Answer the question, “Why am I going to college?”

Many college students really don’t have a clear reason for being there. They take goals from their families and peers, which aren’t truly their own. So, being a well-qualified college student, you should know why you go to college so that you can know what you should learn and experience there.

2. Imagine your ideal college experience.

Once you know why you’re going to college, imagine your ideal outcome. Let it flow outward from the reason you’re there. Whether you’ve already started college or not, stop and simply write down some features of your ideal experiences and describe them in as greater detail as you can, which can give you more clarity for making decisions right now.

3. Take at least one extra class each semester.

You should not have a dense schedule for the first two years and a bare schedule for the rest. You should make an appropriate schedule for your learning. Don’t feel you have to go at a snail’s pace just because everyone else does. If you’re an above-average student, you can certainly handle an above average schedule.

4. Set clear goals for each class.

Having clear goals will help you decide which is which, so decide what you want from each specific class. Sometimes you’ll achieve your goals; sometimes even if you do your best, you may still fall behind. Then, you’ll have to pick your battles. Some are worth fighting while others should be ignored.

5. Get an early start each day.

Getting an early start each day can help you get a lot more done, not just in the morning but throughout the day. Try to begin each day with a 25-minute running followed by a shower and breakfast. This simple morning routine can help to get you out of the door, feeling alert and energetic.

6. Reclaim wasted time during your classes.

Some classes require your utmost concentration. If a class is really challenging, sit in the front and soak up every word. Otherwise, just sit in the back, do homework for other classes, and pop your head up every once in a while to see if there’s anything worth jotting down.

7. Learn the material the very first time it’s presented.

The most time wasted at college is having to relearn something you haven’t learned properly the first time. If you don’t understand something you were taught in class today, do not put it off for tomorrow, but drop everything and do whatever it takes to learn it before you carry on.

8. Master advanced memory techniques.

One of the keys to learning the material the first time it’s taught is to train yourself in advanced memory techniques. If a teacher writes something on the board that has to be memorized, you should memorize it then and there so as not to go back and study it later.

9. Have some serious fun!

Challenge yourself academically, but give yourself plenty of time for fun as well. Don’t waste your leisure time hanging around doing nothing. Go out and do something active that will blow off steam and increase your energy.

(556 words)

Time taken _____

Words

　gain /geɪn/ v. 获得；得到

e.g. The country gained its independence ten years ago. 这个国家十年前赢得了独立。

　The party gained over 50% of the vote. 该党获得了超过50%的选票。

　productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/ a. 多产的

e.g. The machine was very productive. 这台机器多产。

　He is a productive writer. 他是一个多产的作家。

　impressive /ɪmˈpresɪv/ a. 使人印象深刻的

e.g. His manners was very impressive to all of us. 他彬彬有礼，给我们大家留下了非常深刻的印象。

　He gave us an impressive speech. 他的演讲使我们印象深刻。

　tip /tɪp/ n. 技巧；提示

e.g. There are some tips for you. 这里有些提示值得你们注意。

　She adopts tips when she deals with difficult problems. 她在解决棘手的问题的时候会采用一些技巧。

　peer /pɪə(r)/ n. 同伴

e.g. She enjoys the respect of her peers. 她喜欢受到同伴的尊敬。

　Children are worried about failing in front of their peers. 儿童都怕在同伴面前失败。

　well-qualified /wel ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ a. 有良好素质的；合格的

e.g. He is not well-qualified for this job. 他做这份工作是不合格的。

　Well-qualified citizens will not shout loudly in public places. 素质好的公民在公共场合不会大声喧哗。

　clarity /ˈklærəti/ n. 清楚；透明

e.g. A lack of clarity in law is harmful to the country. 对于一个国家而言，法律上的模糊不清是有害的。

　The clarity of sound on a CD is very important. 激光唱片的清晰音质很重要。

　semester /sɪˈmestə(r)/ n. 学期

e.g. There are lots of classes in fall semester. 秋学期有很多课。

　This semester is the longest one. 这个学期是最长的一个学期。

　dense /dens/ a. 稠密的

e.g. Traffic accidents often happen in areas of dense population. 交通事故通常发生在人口密集的地区。

　There is a stream in the dense forest. 密林深处有一条小溪。

　appropriate /əˈprəʊpriət/ a. 适当的

e.g. The book was appropriate to the age of the children. 这本书适合儿童阅读。

　Jeans are not appropriate for a formal party. 正式聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适。

　handle /ˈhændl/ v. 处理

e.g. A new man was appointed to handle the crisis. 新指派了一个人来处理这场危机。

　We all have to learn how to handle stress. 我们都得学会调节压力。

　specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ a. 特殊的；详细而精确的

e.g. I gave you specific instructions. 我给过你明确的指示。

　The money was collected for a specific purpose.这笔钱是为一个特定用途而收的。

　alert /əˈlɜ:t/ a. 警觉的

e.g. Suddenly he found himself awake and fully alert. 突然他发觉自己醒了过来，而且高度警觉。

　Two alert scientists spotted the mistake. 两个警觉的科学家发现了这个错误。

　energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ a. 精力充沛的

e.g. He knew I was energetic and dynamic and would get things done. 他知道我精力充沛、充满活力，会把事情办成的。

　The more he studies, the more energetic he becomes. 他越学越有劲。

　reclaim /rɪˈkleɪm/ v. 收回

e.g. You have to go to the police station to reclaim your wallet. 你得到警察局去认领你的钱包。

　The team reclaimed the title from their rivals. 这个队从对手手中夺回了冠军。

　utmost /ˈʌtməʊst/ a. 极度的；最大的

e.g. It cannot reach its utmost point in a second. 它不能在很短时间内达到其极限。

　This is a matter of the utmost importance. 这是个极其重要的问题。

　concentration /ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn/ n. 专心；集中

e.g. Tiredness affects your power of concentration. 疲劳影响注意力的集中。

　This book requires a great deal of concentration. 这本书需要全神贯注才能读懂。

　challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ a. 挑战性的；考验能力的

e.g. This is a challenging job. 这是一个富有挑战性的工作。

　He loves doing challenging things. 他喜欢做考验能力的事情。

　otherwise /ˈʌðəwaɪz/ ad. 另外；否则

e.g. You know what this is about. Why pretend otherwise? 你明明知道这是怎么回事，为什么装作不知道？

　Shut the windows, otherwise it’ll get too cold in here. 把窗户关好，不然屋子里就太冷了。

　present /prɪˈzent/ v. 呈现；提出

e.g. Are you presenting a paper at the conference? 你要在大会上做学术报告吗？

　Please allow me to present my apologies. 请允许我致歉。

　advanced /ədˈvɑ:nst/ a. 先进的

e.g. The problem can be solved with the advanced technology. 用先进技术可以解决这个难题。

　There were only three of us on the advanced course. 我们中只有三个人学高级课程。

　memorize /ˈmeməraɪz/ v. 背诵；记住

e.g. All the students need to memorize a poem. 所有的学生需要背诵一首诗。

　It is hard for him to memorize all the things. 他很难记住所有的事情。

　academically /ˌækəˈdemɪkli/ ad. 学术上

e.g. You have to do well academically to get into a medical school. 你得学习成绩优良才能进入医学院。

　This paper is academically outstanding. 这篇学术论文很突出。

Phrases and Expressions

　write down 记下

e.g. He wrote down some words and then left. 他写了几个单词就走了。

　We need to write down what teachers said so that we won’t forget. 我们需要对老师说的做笔记，这样就不会忘记了。

　in detail 详细地

e.g. She explained her plan in great detail. 她很详细地解释了自己的计划。

　We wrote a composition in detail. 我们很详细地写了一篇作文。

　make a decision 做决定

e.g. We have to make a decision about our future. 我们必须为我们的将来做决定。

　They made a decision to travel around the world. 他们决定要周游全世界。

　right now 立刻；马上

e.g. You should leave right now. 你需要马上离开。

　Right now we are aiming too low. 我们现在的目标太低了。

　at a snail’s pace 缓慢地

e.g. He walked at a snail’ pace. 他缓慢地行走着。

　She always does things at a snail’s pace. 她做事总是慢悠悠的。

　set a goal 树立目标

e.g. We need to set a goal and work for it. 我们需要设立一个目标然后为之努力。

　The boss set a goal for the employees. 老板给员工们设立了一个目标。

　fall behind 落伍

e.g. It’s the first time for him to fall behind in his class. 这是他第一次在班级里落后了。

　He works hard and never falls behind. 他用功学习，从来没有落后过。

　begin with 以……作为开始

e.g. The meeting began with a quarrel. 会议以争吵而开始。

　To begin with, it is important to protect animals. 首先，保护动物很重要。

　in the front of 在前面

e.g. The blackboard is in the front of the classroom. 黑板在教室的前面。

　The introduction is always in the front of a passage. 介绍总是在一篇文章的开头。

　soak up 吸收；吸取

e.g. Use a cloth to soak up some of the excess water. 用布把多余的水吸去。

　We were just sitting soaking up the atmosphere. 我们就坐在那儿感受着那里的气氛。

　in the back 在后面

e.g. The child sat in the back of the car, behind the driver. 那个小孩坐在车的后排，司机身后的位置上。

　You really need eyes in the back of your head. 你可得多留点神啊。

　pop one’s head up 抬头

e.g. He popped his head up and stared at her. 他抬起头，盯着她看。

　The girl popped her head up and smiled. 那个小女孩抬起头，然后微微一笑。

　every once in a while 偶尔；间或

e.g. It rains every once in a while in this city. 在这座城市里，天偶尔会下雨。

　Chance happened every once in a while. 机会转瞬即逝。

　jot down 草草地记下

e.g. He jotted down the notes while listening to the lesson. 他在听讲的时候草草地记下了笔记。

　I’ll just jot down the address for you. 我得赶快把地址给你写下来。

　put sth. off 推迟

e.g. You’d better put off the meeting for next Friday. 你最好将会议延期到下个星期五。

　But the senate has put off action until spring. 但参议院把表决推迟到了明年春天。

　continue on 继续

e.g. Constructive engagement should continue on the economic front. 建设性的约定应该继续应用在经济防线上。

　Let him continue on his journey. 让他继续他的行程吧。

　plenty of 许多；大量的

e.g. The bread has plenty of flavor. 这面包味道真好。

　If a lawyer has plenty of clients, he grows rich. 律师如果有大量的客户，那就会财源不断。

　as well 也；还

e.g. I write my own songs and play the guitar as well. 我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。

　You must deposit $500 and the first month’s rent as well. 你必须付500美元定金及第一个月的房租费。

　hang around 闲逛

e.g. If you see anyone hanging around here, tell them to hop off. 如果你看到有人在这儿闲荡，就叫他们走开。

　Two suspicious-looking fellows were seen hanging around the campus last night. 昨晚有人看见两个形迹可疑的人在校园里徘徊。

　blow off 吹走

e.g. The wind blew off my hat while I was crossing the street. 过街时，风吹掉了我的帽子。

　Exterior doors were blown off their hinges. 外面的门被风从门轴上刮了下来。

Tasks

Understanding the Text

Summary Completion

Directions The following is a summary of Text B with some words missing. You should fill in each of the blanks with the proper word whose initial letter has already been given.

If you hope to enjoy our college life, you should know the reason (1) w_____ you go to college and (2) i_____ your ideal outcome. Each semester you should have an (3) a_____ schedule and set clear (4) g_____ for each class. You should get an early (5) s_____ and feel (6) a_____ and (7) e_____ each day. You should try to make use of every (8) m_____ in class and learn materials the very first time you get. Master advanced memory (9) t_____ and you will have some serious (10) f_____ at college.

Language Exploration

Vocabulary and Structure

Directions There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one to complete each of the following sentences.

1. They just _____ the cultural tradition from the older generation.

A. achieved　B. handled　C. reclaimed　D. inherited

2. _____, she would go and help those old disabled.

A. Whether it is fine or not　B. Whether it is fine or it is not

C. Whether fine it is or not　D. Whether fine or not it is

3. Smith has given them some _____ suggestions about how to solve the problem.

A. dense　B. specific　C. bare　D. utmost

4. Lily explained her plan for the project to the board _____.

A. in greater as detail as she could　B. as in great detail as she could

C. in as greater detail as she could　D. as greater in detail as she could

5. He didn’t feel worried at all even if he _____ in the test last week.

A. fell behind　B. put off　C. jotted down　D. popped up

6. I feel _____ can keep me energetic all the day.

A. do morning exercise　　B. it to do morning exercise

C. doing morning exercise　D. to doing morning exercise

7. She believed that none of his ideas was worth _____ at the meeting.

A. being presented　B. to present　C. to be presented　D. presenting

8. His parents got very angry with him because he _____ doing nothing every day.

A. soaked up　B. hanged around　C. blew off　D. flew outward

9. Mary’s explanation gave me more _____ for solving the problem.

A. issue　B. clarity　C. steam　D. concentration

10. I’m afraid that I cannot get the task accomplished because it is too _____.

A. challenging　B. alert　C. increasing　D. advanced

11. He tried to express himself _____ when he talked with his boss.

A. ideally　B. certainly　C. properly　D. academically

12. The professor finished the class _____ by a 5-minute break.

A. which follows　B. it is followed　C. following　D. followed

13. She was then lying in her bed _____ how to tell him about it next morning.

A. thought about　B. to think about　C. thinking about　D. by thinking about

14. I had to do it. _____ she would get angry with me.

A. Once　B. Otherwise　C. Once in a while　D. Then and there

15. The meeting began _____ his opening speech.

A. with　B. at　C. by　D. in

Part Five Grammar

Tense I

动词的时态（一）

动词的时态用来表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间及方式。根据动作发生的时间，英语的动词时态有现在时、过去时和将来时。

1.一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）

一般现在时用来表示人或事物的现状、性质、状态和经常或习惯性做的动作。例如：

1) He does morning exercise every morning. 他每天早上锻炼。

2) She likes swimming very much. 她很喜欢游泳。

一般现在时还可用来说明自然规律、客观真理、科学事实、格言和谚语等。例如：

1) Smoking is harmful for health. 吸烟有害健康。

2) Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

在由after, as soon as, as, although, because, before, even if, if, though, till, until, unless, in case, so long as, where, when, whatever, wherever等引导的副词从句中，通常可用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或将来的状况。例如：

1) Take an umbrella with you in case it rains. 带上雨伞，以防下雨。

2) I’ll leave if he comes tomorrow. 如果他明天来，我就走。

2.一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）

过去时表示在过去某一时间发生的动作或状态，通常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：

1) He met my brother in the street yesterday. 他昨天在路上遇到了我兄弟。

2) She finished her homework just now. 她刚做完了作业。

在It’s time..., I wish..., I’d rather... 等结构后的that...分句中，过去式表示与现在事实相反或对将来事态的主观设想。例如：

1) It’s time that we started to work. 我们干活的时候到了。

2) I wish I were her best friend. 但愿我是她最好的朋友。

3.一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）

一般将来时由shall/will+动词原形构成（若主语是I或we,常用助动词shall）。例如：

1) We shall soon start our investigation. 我们将马上开展调查。

2) How will you come tomorrow, by bus or by car? 你明天怎么来，坐公车还是小车？

表示一般将来时的其他方法还有：be going to+动词原形; be to+动词原形; be about to+动词原形/be due to+动词原形。通常be going to+动词原形表示人们认为所指事情很快就会发生或人们打算让它发生。例如：

1) Is it going to rain? 天要下雨吗？

2) We are going to help those in trouble. 我们将帮助那些有困难的人。

be about to+动词原形/be due to+动词原形表示人们期望、计划好的事件不久发生。例如：

1) The movie is about to start. 电影马上就要开始了。

2) The plane is due to arrive in half an hour. 飞机应该在半小时内到达。

be to+动词原形表示职责、义务、意图、约定、禁止、可能性等。也可以表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作。例如：

1) I am to go to the party with her this evening. 今晚我要和她一起去参加派对。

2) You are not to open the box before you arrive home. 你回家之前不能打开这个盒子。

此外，shall/will 有时既表示将来，也表示意愿、意图、决心、允诺等，在疑问句中用来征询听话人的意图或征求允诺。例如：

1) We will come to see you tomorrow.（允诺）我们明天来看你。

2) She won’t talk with me.（意愿）她不愿和我说话。

3) Shall I open the window?（征询他人意见）我可以开窗吗？

will用于条件从句，表示将来的意愿。例如：

1) If you will forgive me, I will be very happy. 如果你肯原谅我的话，我会很高兴的。

2) If he will help me, I will arrive there much earlier. 如果他愿意帮助我的话，我会更早到达那里。

Practice

Directions 　 Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given verbs.

1. He usually _____ to work by bike. (go)

2. It’s about time that we _____ for our trip. (prepare)

3. He _____ to answer the question. (refuse)

4. We’ll stay at home if it _____ tomorrow. (rain)

5. Would you tell me when you _____? (arrive)

6. The film _____ about to start. (be)

7. She _____ shopping half an hour ago. (go)

8. Roman _____ not built in a day. (be)

Part Six Translation

Definition and Standards of Translation

翻译的定义和标准

翻译是将一种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来。总的来说，翻译的主要标准是：信、达、雅。

“信”就是忠实于原文的意义和风格，也就是说，要让读者相信译文准确地再现了原文的思想内容，并保持了原文的风格和特色。“达”要求译文的语言能通顺流畅，合乎规范。“雅”意味着译文的语言要优雅和美好，具有吸引力和感染力。信、达、雅是一个相互依存、相互作用的结合体，缺一不可。例如：

1) Should animals be trained to help humans? 应当训练动物来帮助人类吗？

2) I didn’t realize the importance of what he said until I failed. 直到失败了我才意识到他的话的重要性。

3) Which do you think plays a decisive role in personal development, genes or environment? 你认为哪一个在个人发展中起着决定性作用，基因还是环境？

Practice

Directions In this part there are 5 English sentences. Read them and try to put them into Chinese.

1. Let’s discuss the main problems on our campus.

2. I couldn’t believe he did it.

3. These are the important factors we should keep in mind.

4. Could you give your reasons to support your viewpoint?

5. The early bird gets the worm.

Part Seven Writing

Introduce Yourself

自我介绍

大学生总希望能在学校期间多结交一些同学和朋友。对大学生来说，交友的方式有很多，QQ或微信就是很多同学比较喜欢的交友媒介。当然，无论采用哪种方式交友，都需要很好地介绍自己。让对方了解自己，从而决定是否和自己交友。一般来说，这种自我介绍的内容不必过于复杂，但需要包括一些你个人的重要信息。例如：姓名、年龄、籍贯、过去和现在就学的学校和地点、个性特征、爱好、生活、学习和交友的特点、交友愿望和联络方式。自我介绍一定要言简意赅，语言规范、通俗易懂、并能给人以深刻印象。

Sample

I’m Li Ming, born in 1996 in Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang province. I graduated from the Second High School of Hangzhou last year and now I am a freshman in the College of Communication.

I’m an optimistic boy. Whenever faced with challenges and difficulties, I’m self-confident and brave enough to keep trying. In most cases, I’ve succeeded, which encourages me to go on. I’m easy-going as well. I like to make friends and always try my best to help those in need. So, I’m very popular with anyone who knows me.

I like reading very much. When I am free, I’ll go to the library, where I can read a lot about English literature and search a lot on the Internet for any information that I need.

My favorite hobby is traveling, which has broadened my horizons and enriched my knowledge. Anyone who likes traveling can call me and we can go and enjoy wonderful sightseeing together.

I can be reached by cell phone (132********) or email (*****@zju.edu.cn). Please feel free to contact me if you like to.

Practice

Directions 　 Write a brief introduction to yourself.